Diachronics

Modern Wanisinese (c. 10000 wanpo) is derived from Illeran through the following sound and orthographic changes, applied in order:

/e/ or /i/ to <'> (contraction) when between two hard plosives (/p/, /b/, /k/, or /g/) and flanked by two short vowels, e.g. alemaní -> al'mani

uninflected nouns written with a final <e> instead of <u>, e.g. naru -> nare

/ape/ to /ap/ except at the end of words, e.g. apelí -> aplí

<ú> to <ou>, e.g. shúthíma -> shouthíma

long vowels (<é>, <í>, <ú>) to short vowels (except terminal <é>), e.g. adazílesta -> adazilesta

circumflexed vowels (<ê>, <ô>, <û>) to short vowels, e.g. ôn- -> on-

<ue> and <oue> to <u> and <ou> resp., causing some neuter nouns to regain terminal <u>, e.g. rekúu -> rekou

otherwise <ou> to /w/ before a vowel, e.g. kúo -> kwo (but not wúo to *wwo)

lenited hard plosives (<ph>, <bh>, <kh>, <gh>) lose lenition, e.g. khosarí -> kosari

<th> to <s>, <dh> to <z>, e.g. Akasha -> Akasa

<pf> to <f>

<ai> to <a> at the start of words, <ai> to <i> elsewhere

<ei> to <i>

<oi> to <o>

<qr> to <r>

<dt> to <r>

<ñ> to <n> (but still read as /ŋ/ before /k/ or /g/)

<zh> to <z> and <sh> to <s>

<dzh> to <zh> and <tsh> to <sh>

<dz> to <d> and <ts> to <t>

<g> to <y> before <l>

<sri> to <si> and <zri> to <zi>

<str> to <sr> and <ztr> to <zr>, e.g. Deztra -> Dezra

<h> to <'> between two vowels

deletion of <'> between two identical hard plosives (<k>, <g>, <p>, or <b>)

assimilation of <mn> to <mm>

<rz> to <zz>

<kwi> to <qu> and <kw> to <qu>

deletion of <i> when after <ek> and before another vowel, e.g. akekía -> akeka

deletion of <i> when after <zr> and before another vowel

deletion of nasals (<n>, <m>, <ñ>) before a plosive (<t>, <d>, <p>, <b>, <k>, <g>)

<ni> to <n> when before <t> or <d>

<ldr> to <dd>

<lt> and <ld> to <tt> and <dd>, respectively

lenition of <tr> to <sh>

assimilation of <dr> to <dd>

<pr> to <phr> (/fr/)

<br> to <vr>

<dl> and <lr> to <ll>

<i> to <y> after a consonant and before a vowel, e.g. steníu -> stenye, except <si> to <shi> before another vowel, e.g. nasíú -> nashiou

Inventory and Orthography